{"id":2103,"date":"2026-03-16T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/?p=2103"},"modified":"2026-05-09T10:52:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-09T10:52:46","slug":"coral-reefs-cities-under-the-sea-esl-worksheet-level-f-advanced","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/koralove-utesy-mesta-pod-morem-esl-pracovni-list-uroven-f-pokrocily\/","title":{"rendered":"Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy \u2013 M\u011bsta pod mo\u0159em | Pracovn\u00ed list ESL \u00farove\u0148 F (pokro\u010dil\u00fd)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej rozmanit\u00fd<\/strong> ekosyst\u00e9my na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b, \u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 de\u0161tn\u00e9 pralesy. P\u0159esto\u017ee pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jedno procento oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho dna, poskytnout<\/strong> domov zhruba dvaceti p\u011bti procent v\u0161ech zn\u00e1m\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch druh\u016f. Tyto \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 podvodn\u00ed struktury<\/strong> se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v tepl\u00fdch, m\u011blk\u00fdch tropick\u00fd<\/strong> vody pobl\u00ed\u017e rovn\u00edku, kde jasn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo m\u016f\u017ee snadno dos\u00e1hnout oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho dna a podporovat \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Kor\u00e1lov\u00fd \u00fates je tvo\u0159en miliony drobn\u00fdch tvorov\u00e9<\/strong> naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 polypy po stovky a n\u011bkdy i tis\u00edce let. Ka\u017ed\u00fd polyp vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tvrdou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kostru z uhli\u010ditanu v\u00e1penat\u00e9ho, p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho chemik\u00e1lie<\/strong> slou\u010denina nalezen\u00e1 v mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vod\u011b po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Jak star\u00e9 polypy odum\u00edraj\u00ed, na jejich kost\u0159e rostou nov\u00e9 a p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 vrstvy. Toto pomal\u00e9 proces<\/strong> vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed mohutn\u00e9 a barevn\u00e9 \u00fatesov\u00e9 formace, kter\u00e9 dnes pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di zkoumaj\u00ed a v\u011bdci studuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 polypy maj\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00e9 partnerstv\u00ed s drobn\u00fdmi rostlinn\u00fdmi organismy zvan\u00fdmi \u0159asy, kter\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed uvnit\u0159 jejich m\u011bkk\u00fdch t\u011bl. \u0158asy produkce<\/strong> potravu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a sd\u00edlej\u00ed tuto energii s hostitelem kor\u00e1lu. Na opl\u00e1tku kor\u00e1l poskytuje \u0159as\u00e1m chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 m\u00edsto k \u017eivotu a r\u016fstu. Tento vztah je nezbytn\u00fd, proto\u017ee kor\u00e1ly z\u00e1viset<\/strong> na \u0159as\u00e1ch pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed a\u017e devades\u00e1t procent sv\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb a tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 duhov\u00e9 barvy.<\/p>\n

Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy bohu\u017eel \u010del\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm hrozby<\/strong> z lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti a rychle se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edch oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch podm\u00ednek po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed oce\u00e1n teplota<\/strong> zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 zm\u011bnou klimatu nut\u00ed \u0159asy odej\u00edt a v nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9m procesu zvan\u00e9m b\u011blen\u00ed se kor\u00e1ly zbarvuj\u00ed do b\u00edl\u00e9 barvy. Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> z tov\u00e1ren, m\u011bst a farem tak\u00e9 otravuje vody \u00fates\u016f a blokuje slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 kor\u00e1ly zoufale pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed k p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, r\u016fstu a udr\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> Skupiny v\u011bdc\u016f nyn\u00ed usilovn\u011b pracuj\u00ed na ochran\u011b a obnov\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00fdch kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f, ne\u017e bude pro tyto k\u0159ehk\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci opatrn\u011b p\u011bstuj\u00ed mlad\u00e9 kor\u00e1ly ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edch podvodn\u00edch \u0161kolk\u00e1ch a pot\u00e9 zdrav\u00e9 kusy p\u0159esazuj\u00ed na po\u0161kozen\u00e9 oblasti \u00fates\u016f. Vl\u00e1dy tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ily mo\u0159sk\u00e9 parky, kde je rybolov a plavba lod\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b omezena, aby se \u00fatesy mohly zdr\u017eovat. zotavit se<\/strong>Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee pomoci sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u00fasporou energie a t\u00edm, \u017ee se dozv\u00ed v\u00edce o t\u011bchto vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch podvodn\u00edch m\u011bstech, kter\u00e1 podporuj\u00ed tolik mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

\ud83d\udce5 St\u00e1hn\u011bte si cel\u00fd pracovn\u00ed list (PDF)<\/h3>\n

\u2b07\ufe0f St\u00e1hnout pracovn\u00ed list Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy \u2013 \u00farove\u0148 F (PDF)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

A. Slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba<\/h3>\n

P\u0159i\u0159a\u010fte ka\u017ed\u00e9 slovo k jeho definici:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. rozmanit\u00fd<\/li>\n
  2. poskytnout<\/li>\n
  3. struktury<\/li>\n
  4. tropick\u00fd<\/li>\n
  5. tvorov\u00e9<\/li>\n
  6. chemik\u00e1lie<\/li>\n
  7. proces<\/li>\n
  8. produkce<\/li>\n
  9. teplota<\/li>\n
  10. zachov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    a. budovy nebo v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 jsou postaveny nebo uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny b. maj\u00edc\u00ed mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f nebo typ\u016f c. l\u00e1tka vyroben\u00e1 chemickou cestou d. poskytnout nebo dodat n\u011bco pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho e. ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody a voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f f. \u017eiv\u00e9 organismy, zejm\u00e9na zv\u00ed\u0159ata g. t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se hork\u00fdch oblast\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e rovn\u00edku h. jak hork\u00e9 nebo studen\u00e9 je n\u011bco i. \u0159ada krok\u016f nebo akc\u00ed j. vyrobit nebo vytvo\u0159it n\u011bco<\/p>\n

    B. Pravda nebo nepravda<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e deset procent oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho dna.<\/li>\n
    2. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v tepl\u00fdch, m\u011blk\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
    3. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 polypy vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed tvrdou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kostru.<\/li>\n
    4. \u0158asy \u017eij\u00ed uvnit\u0159 kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch polyp\u016f.<\/li>\n
    5. Kor\u00e1ly jsou energeticky z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na \u0159as\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
    6. Rostouc\u00ed teplota oce\u00e1nu napom\u00e1h\u00e1 r\u016fstu kor\u00e1l\u016f.<\/li>\n
    7. B\u011blen\u00ed zm\u011bn\u00ed barvu na kor\u00e1lov\u011b b\u00edlou.<\/li>\n
    8. Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1nit slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edstupu ke kor\u00e1l\u016fm.<\/li>\n
    9. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci p\u011bstuj\u00ed kor\u00e1ly v podvodn\u00edch \u0161kolk\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C. Dopl\u0148te mezery<\/h3>\n

      Slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba:<\/strong> rozmanit\u00e9, poskytuj\u00ed, struktury, tropick\u00e9, chemick\u00e9, teplota, ochrana<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my na Zemi.<\/li>\n
      2. \u00datesy _______________ domov pro dvacet p\u011bt procent v\u0161ech mo\u0159sk\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/li>\n
      3. Tyto \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 podvodn\u00ed _______________ se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v tepl\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
      4. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 polypy vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kostru z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho _______________.<\/li>\n
      5. Stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed hladina oce\u00e1nu _______________ zp\u016fsobuje b\u011blen\u00ed kor\u00e1l\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        D. Ot\u00e1zky k porozum\u011bn\u00ed textu<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. Jak\u00e9 procento mo\u0159sk\u00fdch druh\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fatesech?<\/li>\n
        2. Jak si kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 polypy v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu buduj\u00ed \u00fates?<\/li>\n
        3. Jak\u00fd je vztah mezi kor\u00e1ly a \u0159asami?<\/li>\n
        4. Co zp\u016fsobuje b\u011blen\u00ed kor\u00e1l\u016f?<\/li>\n
        5. Jak v\u011bdci pracuj\u00ed na ochran\u011b kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          E. Ot\u00e1zky k diskusi<\/h3>\n
            \n
          1. Pro\u010d si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee se kor\u00e1lov\u00fdm \u00fates\u016fm \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 de\u0161tn\u00e9 pralesy mo\u0159e?<\/li>\n
          2. Co by se stalo s oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdm \u017eivotem, kdyby zmizely v\u0161echny kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy?<\/li>\n
          3. Co mohou ud\u011blat oby\u010dejn\u00ed lid\u00e9 pro z\u00e1chranu kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n

            Zdroj: Program ochrany kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f NOAA | \u00a9 Tahric Teachs<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy pat\u0159\u00ed k nejrozmanit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ekosyst\u00e9m\u016fm na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b, \u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00fdm mo\u0159sk\u00e9 de\u0161tn\u00e9 pralesy. P\u0159esto\u017ee pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jedno procento oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho dna, poskytuj\u00ed domov zhruba dvaceti p\u011bti procent\u016fm v\u0161ech zn\u00e1m\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch druh\u016f. Tyto \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 podvodn\u00ed struktury se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v tepl\u00fdch, m\u011blk\u00fdch tropick\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch pobl\u00ed\u017e\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2099,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[296,49],"tags":[428,431,171,165,424,66,427,430,135,429,67,53],"class_list":["post-2103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-advanced-worksheets","category-worksheets","tag-advanced-reading","tag-climate-change","tag-conservation","tag-coral-reef","tag-esl-printable","tag-esl-worksheet","tag-free-worksheet","tag-level-f","tag-marine-biology","tag-ocean-ecosystem","tag-reading-comprehension","tag-vocabulary-building"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2103"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4159,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103\/revisions\/4159"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}