{"id":809,"date":"2026-03-01T23:13:43","date_gmt":"2026-03-01T23:13:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/volcanoes-intermediate\/"},"modified":"2026-03-29T02:12:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-29T02:12:10","slug":"volcanoes-worksheet-intermediate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/sopky-stredni\/","title":{"rendered":"Pracovn\u00ed list o sopk\u00e1ch | \u010cten\u00ed angli\u010dtiny jako druh\u00e9ho jazyka pro st\u0159edn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"
\ud83d\udcd8 Pot\u0159ebujete jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed verzi?<\/strong> Vyzkou\u0161ejte Element\u00e1rn\u00ed verze (\u00farove\u0148 C)<\/strong><\/a> tohoto pracovn\u00edho listu!<\/div>\n
\"Sopky<\/figure>\n

\u010cten\u00ed pas\u00e1\u017ee<\/h2>\n

Sopky jsou mohutn\u00e9 otvory v zemsk\u00e9m povrchu, kde se vyskytuj\u00ed hork\u00e9 roztaven\u00fd<\/strong> hornina unik\u00e1 z hlubin podzem\u00ed. Tyto ohniv\u00e9 hory fascinovaly a d\u011bsily lidstvo po tis\u00edce let v historii. Kdy\u017e sopka... vybuchne<\/strong>, m\u016f\u017ee chrlit l\u00e1vu, popel a plyny vysoko do nebe. Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b existuje asi patn\u00e1ct set aktivn\u00edch sopek, kter\u00e9 by mohly kdykoli vybuchnout. V\u011bdci naz\u00fdvali vulkanologov\u00e9<\/strong> Prostudujte si tyto hory, abyste pochopili, jak funguj\u00ed a kdy by mohly explodovat.<\/p>\n

Hluboko pod ka\u017edou sopkou se nach\u00e1z\u00ed jez\u00edrko roztaven\u00e9 horniny zvan\u00e9 magma<\/strong> \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed pod tlakem. Kdy\u017e se tlak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nahromad\u00ed, magma se tla\u010d\u00ed vzh\u016fru skrz trhliny a otvory v zemi. Jakmile magma dos\u00e1hne povrchu, naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se l\u00e1va a m\u016f\u017ee proudit kilometry a spalovat v\u0161e v okol\u00ed. Teplota l\u00e1vy m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout v\u00edce ne\u017e dvou tis\u00edc stup\u0148\u016f, co\u017e je dostate\u010dn\u011b hork\u00e9 na to, aby se ocel snadno roztavila. N\u011bkter\u00e9 erupce<\/strong> jsou jemn\u00e9 a pomal\u00e9, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 jsou n\u00e1siln\u00e9 exploze, kter\u00e9 ni\u010d\u00ed cel\u00e1 m\u011bsta.<\/p>\n

\"Sopky<\/figure>\n

Sopky formovaly na\u0161i planetu mnoha d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby po miliony let. Havajsk\u00e9 ostrovy byly vytvo\u0159eny v\u00fdhradn\u011b podvodn\u00edmi sopkami vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi z oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho dna. Bohat\u00e1 sope\u010dn\u00e1 p\u016fda je extr\u00e9mn\u011b \u00farodn\u00fd<\/strong> a ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin, jako je k\u00e1va a hrozny. Mnoho hork\u00fdch pramen\u016f a gejz\u00edry<\/strong> existuj\u00ed d\u00edky teplu z podzemn\u00ed sope\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. Dokonce i vzduch, kter\u00fd d\u00fdch\u00e1me, obsahuje plyny, kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze starov\u011bk\u00fdch sope\u010dn\u00fdch erupc\u00ed p\u0159ed miliardami let.<\/p>\n

V Ohniv\u00e9m kruhu Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu se dnes nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina aktivn\u00edch sopek na sv\u011bt\u011b. ve tvaru podkovy<\/strong> z\u00f3na obklopuje Tich\u00fd oce\u00e1n a zahrnuje Japonsko, Indon\u00e9sii a z\u00e1padn\u00ed Ameriku. Vesuv v It\u00e1lii proslul t\u00edm, \u017ee v roce 79 n. l. zcela zni\u010dil \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 m\u011bsto Pompeje. V ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dob\u011b erupce sopky St. Helens ve Washingtonu v roce 1980 zp\u016fsobila masivn\u00ed zni\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> v cel\u00e9m regionu. V\u011bdci tyto nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 hory neust\u00e1le monitoruj\u00ed, aby varovali lidi p\u0159ed mo\u017en\u00fdmi nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi erupcemi.<\/p>\n

\u017divot v bl\u00edzkosti sopky m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt oboj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd<\/strong> a extr\u00e9mn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro m\u00edstn\u00ed komunity. Zem\u011bd\u011blci miluj\u00ed \u00farodnou p\u016fdu, ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy p\u0159ipraveni evakuuji<\/strong> rychle, pokud je to pot\u0159eba. Syst\u00e9my v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zachra\u0148ovat \u017eivoty t\u00edm, \u017ee detekuj\u00ed zn\u00e1mky sope\u010dn\u00e9 aktivity je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e dojde k n\u00e1hl\u00fdm erupc\u00edm. Komunity procvi\u010duj\u00ed nouzov\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159esn\u011b v\u011bd\u011bl, co m\u00e1 b\u011bhem erupce d\u011blat. Pochopen\u00ed sopek n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 respektovat jejich s\u00edlu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si u\u017e\u00edvat v\u00fdhod, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed na\u0161emu sv\u011btu.<\/p>\n

\n
St\u00e1hnout pracovn\u00ed list k tisku v PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00darove\u0148:<\/strong> \u00darove\u0148 F<\/p>\n

A. P\u00e1rov\u00e1n\u00ed slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soby<\/h2>\n

P\u0159i\u0159a\u010fte ka\u017ed\u00e9 slovo k jeho definici.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n
\n

1. roztaven\u00fd<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

2. vybuchne<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

3. vulkanologov\u00e9<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

4. magma<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

5. erupce<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

6. \u00farodn\u00fd<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

7. gejz\u00edry<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

8. ve tvaru podkovy<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

9. zni\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n

10. evakuuji<\/strong> ______<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

a. hork\u00e1 roztaven\u00e1 hornina pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem<\/p>\n

b. v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed nebo \u00fapln\u00e1 zk\u00e1za<\/p>\n

c. hork\u00e9 prameny, kter\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed vodu do vzduchu<\/p>\n

d. v\u011bdci, kte\u0159\u00ed studuj\u00ed sopky<\/p>\n

e. v\u00fdbuchy l\u00e1vy a plynu ze sopek<\/p>\n

f. n\u00e1hle propukne silou<\/p>\n

g. rychle opustit nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edsto<\/p>\n

h. zak\u0159iven\u00fd jako p\u00edsmeno U<\/p>\n

i. roztaven\u00fd extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00fdm teplem<\/p>\n

j. dobr\u00e9 pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed rostlin a plodin<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

B. Pravda nebo nepravda<\/h2>\n

Pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed napi\u0161te T (Pravda) nebo N (Nepravda).<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Na sv\u011bt\u011b je asi 1 500 aktivn\u00edch sopek. ______<\/li>\n
  2. L\u00e1va je \u017ehav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e roztaven\u00e1 ocel. ______<\/li>\n
  3. V\u0161echny sope\u010dn\u00e9 erupce jsou prudk\u00e9 exploze. ______<\/li>\n
  4. Havajsk\u00e9 ostrovy byly vytvo\u0159eny sopkami. ______<\/li>\n
  5. Sope\u010dn\u00e1 p\u016fda je \u0161patn\u00e1 pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin. ______<\/li>\n
  6. Vesuv zni\u010dil m\u011bsto Pompeje. ______<\/li>\n
  7. Ohniv\u00fd kruh se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Atlantsk\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu. ______<\/li>\n
  8. V\u011bdci nemohou detekovat zn\u00e1mky sope\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. ______<\/li>\n
  9. Magma se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 l\u00e1va, kdy\u017e dos\u00e1hne povrchu. ______<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \"Sopky<\/figure>\n

    C. Dopl\u0148te mezery<\/h2>\n

    Slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba:<\/strong> roztaven\u00fd | vybuchuje | magma | \u00farodn\u00fd | gejz\u00edry | ni\u010den\u00ed | evakuace<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Sopky vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed horkou _______________ horninu z hlubin podzem\u00ed.<\/li>\n
    2. Kdy\u017e sopka _______________, m\u016f\u017ee chrlit l\u00e1vu vysoko do nebe.<\/li>\n
    3. Hluboko pod ka\u017edou sopkou se nach\u00e1z\u00ed jez\u00edrko roztaven\u00e9 horniny zvan\u00e9 _______________.<\/li>\n
    4. Sope\u010dn\u00e1 p\u016fda je extr\u00e9mn\u011b _______________ a skv\u011bl\u00e1 pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin.<\/li>\n
    5. Komunity mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraveny rychle _______________, pokud hroz\u00ed sopka.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      D. Ot\u00e1zky k porozum\u011bn\u00ed textu<\/h2>\n
        \n
      1. Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi magmatem a l\u00e1vou?<\/li>\n
      2. Jak vznikly Havajsk\u00e9 ostrovy?<\/li>\n
      3. Co je Ohniv\u00fd kruh v Pacifiku?<\/li>\n
      4. Co se stalo s m\u011bstem Pompeje v roce 79 n. l.?<\/li>\n
      5. Pro\u010d farm\u00e1\u0159i r\u00e1di \u017eij\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti sopek navzdory nebezpe\u010d\u00ed?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \"Sopky<\/figure>\n

        E. Ot\u00e1zky k diskusi<\/h2>\n

        Promluvte si o t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch s partnerem nebo si napi\u0161te sv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi.<\/em><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Cht\u011bli byste \u017e\u00edt pobl\u00ed\u017e aktivn\u00ed sopky? Pro\u010d ano, nebo pro\u010d ne?<\/li>\n
        2. Jak si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee se lid\u00e9 stav\u011bli k sopk\u00e1m, ne\u017e jim v\u011bdci porozum\u011bli?<\/li>\n
        3. Co by m\u011bla rodina ud\u011blat, aby se p\u0159ipravila na mo\u017enou sope\u010dnou erupci?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n\ud83d\udcdd Kliknut\u00edm zobraz\u00edte kl\u00ed\u010d k odpov\u011bd\u00edm<\/summary>\n
          \n

          Zkontrolujte si sv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/em><\/p>\n

          A. Slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba:<\/strong> 1-i, 2-f, 3-d, 4-a, 5-e, 6-j, 7-c, 8-h, 9-b, 10-g<\/p>\n

          B. Pravda\/Nepravda:<\/strong> 1-T, 2-T, 3-P, 4-T, 5-P, 6-T, 7-P, 8-P, 9-T<\/p>\n

          C. Dopl\u0148te pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 m\u00edsta:<\/strong> 1-taven\u00fd, 2-erupce, 3-magma, 4-\u00farodn\u00fd, 5-evakuace<\/p>\n

          D. Porozum\u011bn\u00ed:<\/strong> 1. Magma je v podzem\u00ed, l\u00e1va je na povrchu; 2. Podvodn\u00edmi sopkami vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi ze dna oce\u00e1nu; 3. Oblast ve tvaru podkovy kolem Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu s nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi sopkami; 4. Byla zni\u010dena erupc\u00ed Vesuvu; 5. Proto\u017ee sope\u010dn\u00e1 p\u016fda je velmi \u00farodn\u00e1 pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n

          \n

          Prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si na\u0161i kompletn\u00ed kolekci bezplatn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed listy a studijn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly pro angli\u010dtinu jako druh\u00fd jazyk<\/a> pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed tchajwanskou kulturu, v\u011bdu, sv\u011btov\u00e9 d\u011bjiny a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \ud83d\udcd8 Pot\u0159ebujete jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed verzi? Vyzkou\u0161ejte verzi tohoto pracovn\u00edho listu pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly (\u00farove\u0148 C)! \u010cten\u00ed textu Sopky jsou mohutn\u00e9 otvory v zemsk\u00e9m povrchu, kudy unik\u00e1 hork\u00e1 roztaven\u00e1 hornina z hlubin podzem\u00ed. Tyto ohniv\u00e9 hory fascinuj\u00ed a d\u011bs\u00ed lidstvo po tis\u00edce let v pr\u016fb\u011bhu d\u011bjin. Kdy\u017e sopka vybuchne, m\u016f\u017ee st\u0159\u00edlet l\u00e1vu, popel,\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1018,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[296,49],"tags":[138,125,124,66,92,141,139,137,140,67,122,136],"class_list":["post-809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-advanced-worksheets","category-worksheets","tag-earth-science","tag-english-worksheet","tag-esl-science","tag-esl-worksheet","tag-free-esl-resources","tag-geography","tag-geology-vocabulary","tag-natural-disasters","tag-nature-vocabulary","tag-reading-comprehension","tag-science-worksheet","tag-volcanoes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=809"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3017,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/809\/revisions\/3017"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}