{"id":2405,"date":"2026-03-17T04:06:30","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T04:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/task-based-language-teaching-tblt-activities-esl\/"},"modified":"2026-07-12T02:57:09","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T02:57:09","slug":"task-based-language-teaching-tblt-activities-esl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/ps\/\u062f-\u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0-\u067e\u0631-\u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c-\u062f-\u0698\u0628\u06d0-\u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633-tblt-\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647-esl\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 | \u062f ESL \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u06cc\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f TBLT \u06f1\u06f0 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"\"\u062f\n\nTask based language teaching flips the traditional ESL classroom on its head. Instead of drilling grammar rules and memorizing vocabulary lists, students tackle real-world challenges that demand genuine communication. The approach has gained serious traction among ESL teachers worldwide, and for good reason \u2014 it works.\n\nIf you’ve ever watched students zone out during a grammar lecture but come alive during a role-play activity, you already understand the core principle behind TBLT. Language learning happens most effectively when students use the language to accomplish something meaningful, not when they study it as an abstract system.\n\n

\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0685\u0647 \u0634\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 (TBLT) \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u067c\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a. \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a. \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a.\n\n\"\u0632\u062f\u0647\n\n\u067e\u0647 TBLT \u06a9\u06d0 "\u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647" \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f\u0627 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u064a:\n\n\u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0647.<\/strong> \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0645\u0641\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f \u067e\u06cc\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0644.\n\n\u062f \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0647.<\/strong> \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u062a\u0631\u06d0 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u06cc\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u0648 \u0685\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0628\u0644 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u064a - \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u067c\u0648\u067c\u0647 \u0648\u064a.\n\n\u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/strong> \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u069a\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u0685\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0647.<\/strong> Every task has a definable endpoint beyond just “using English.” Students plan a trip, solve a mystery, design a product, or reach a group decision.\n\nThe concept originated from research by N. Prabhu in the 1980s and was later developed extensively by scholars like Jane Willis and Rod Ellis. Willis’s framework, published in 1996, remains one of the most practical guides for teachers implementing TBLT.\n\n

\u062f \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u067e\u0693\u0627\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0648 TBLT \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c<\/h2>\n\n\u062f \u062c\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0633 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f TBLT \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0634\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u067e\u0644\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0689\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n

\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/h3>\n\nThis is where you set the stage. Introduce the topic, activate background knowledge, and clarify what students need to accomplish. You might:\n\nShow a short video clip related to the topic. Brainstorm vocabulary students might need. Model a similar but simpler version of the task. Review useful phrases or expressions without making them mandatory.\n\nThe pre-task phase should be brief \u2014 roughly 10 to 15 percent of total lesson time. You’re warming up the engine, not doing the driving.\n\n\"\u062f\n\n

\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0632\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0634\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc:\n\n\u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647:<\/strong> \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0689\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0648 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0626\u060c \u0685\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0626 - \u0645\u06ab\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u062f \u063a\u0644\u0637\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0626. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0648\u062e\u062a \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u067c\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a.\n\n\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/strong> \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u0686\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d0 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0696\u064a. \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06cc\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0681\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u069a\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a.\n\n\u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631:<\/strong> \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0\u060c \u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u06d0 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0626\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0642\u06cc\u0628\u064a \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0648\u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0626\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u06d0 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u06d0 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u0693\u0626.\n\n

\u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\u0627\u0648\u0633 - \u0627\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0627\u0648\u0633 - \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u067c\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0626. \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0685\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0686\u06d0 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u06ab\u067c\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u06d0 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0637\u06cd \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0626\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0631\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0626 \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u064a.\n\n\"\u062f\n\n\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0685\u0647 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 TBLT \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u069a\u0648\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 - \u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0645\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a. \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u062c\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0686\u0645\u062a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0.\n\n

\u062f ESL \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u06f1\u06f0 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\u062f \u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0686\u0645\u062a\u0648 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0644 \u062f TBLT \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0633 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u0644\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a.\n\n

\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0<\/h3>\n\n\u06f1. \u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u0647.<\/strong> \u0647\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u062f \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u064a \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0648 \u06cc\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u0633 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u067c\u06cd \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u062a\u0631\u06d0 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0646\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u0634\u064a. \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647: \u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f.\n\n\u06f2. \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06d0.<\/strong> \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 (\u062f \u062e\u0648\u069a\u06d0 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0646\u06cd \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062f \u062e\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0631\u062e\u0635\u062a\u06cd) \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0689\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u067e\u0646\u0681\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0632\u0693\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n\u06f3. \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u06ab\u0648\u0631\u0626.<\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u067e\u0633\u06d0 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0648 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0681\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u0648 \u0685\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0698\u0646\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0698\u06cc\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a.\n\n\"\u0632\u062f\u0647\n\n

\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0681\u0646\u06cd \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0<\/h3>\n\n\u06f4. \u062f \u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627 \u067c\u0627\u067e\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u0627.<\/strong> \u0685\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0689\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u062f \u06f2\u06f0 \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u069a\u062a\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u0689\u0648\u0628\u06d0 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u067e\u06cc\u069a\u06d0 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0698\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a \u06cc\u06d0 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062f \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u0647\u0631 \u063a\u0693\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a ("\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0696 \u0631\u0633\u06cd \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0696 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0648 ...").\n\n\u06f5. \u062f \u069a\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u0646\u0647.<\/strong> \u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0689\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681\u06d0 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u064a (\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0686\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f \u062e\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644). \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u06cc\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0632\u0693\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u069a\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n\u06f6. \u062f \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u06d0.<\/strong> \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0693\u0626 (\u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06d0\u067c\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0633\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u06ab\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0689 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06a9 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0647 \u06ab\u067c\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a). \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u06ab\u067c\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u063a\u0648\u0646\u0689\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n

\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0644\u06d0 \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0<\/h3>\n\n\u06f7. \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0647.<\/strong> \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0686\u0645\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u064a (\u062f \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647)\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u064a (\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647). \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062f \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0698\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0681\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u064a.\n\n\"\u062f\n\n\u06f8. \u062f \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f.<\/strong> \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u0646\u0681\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u06cc\u069a\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u064a. \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 (\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f \u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc) \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u064a\u060c \u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cd \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u067e\u0648\u0631\u067c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u067c\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a.\n\n\u06f9. \u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u06d0 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cd.<\/strong> \u062c\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0626. \u067c\u06cc\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0645\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0646\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u0644\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0648\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n\u06f1\u06f0. \u062f \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06ab\u0631\u06cd \u067e\u06cc\u0644.<\/strong> \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06ab\u0631\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0646\u067c\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 "\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0627\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648" (\u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a) \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0\u060c \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0633\u062e\u062a\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0689\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u063a\u0645 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.\n\n

\u062f TBLT \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u06d0 \u063a\u0644\u0637\u06cd<\/h2>\n\n\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u067e\u0644\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0689\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u06d0 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0631\u0631 \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u064a.\n\n\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644.<\/strong> \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u06d0\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0686\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u0693\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0626. \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u0696\u062f\u0626 \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a.\n\n\u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u067e\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u069a\u0648\u062f\u0644.<\/strong> \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0689\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u06cc\u0685\u06a9\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. TBLT \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0681\u0648\u064a - \u062f\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0693 \u062f\u064a.\n\n\u062f \u0631\u06cc\u069a\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644.<\/strong> "\u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u06cd \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0626" \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 - \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0685\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0693 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0693\u0647\u060c \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0646\u067c\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a. \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u067c\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0681\u06cc\u0696\u064a.\n\n\"\u067c\u06cc\u0645\n\n\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u06a9\u0686\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644.<\/strong> \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06d0\u060c \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u064a \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0693\u0626. \u067e\u0647 \u0689\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0626. \u0689\u0627\u0689 \u062a\u0631\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0626 \u0686\u06d0 \u0647\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0689\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u064a.\n\n\u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0648\u0644.<\/strong> \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u063a\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0626. \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u06d0\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0681\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u0626 \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a.\n\n

TBLT \u0685\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u06a9\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0647 TBLT \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0689\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0685\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a.\n\n\u062f TBLT \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 (CLT):<\/strong> CLT \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u0686\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06cc. TBLT \u062f CLT \u062f\u0646\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06cc \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062f \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a.\n\n\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u062f TBLT \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0:<\/strong> \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0681\u06d0 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u06cd \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u062f TBLT \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u067c \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a. \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u062f TBLT \u0633\u067c\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0689\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0644\u0631\u064a.\n\nTBLT \u062f PPP \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 (\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cc-\u0639\u0645\u0644-\u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f):<\/strong> PPP \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u067c\u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0648\u0693\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. TBLT \u062f \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0696\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u062a\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0639\u06a9\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u06a9\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a.\n\n

\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f TBLT \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n\nStart small. You don’t need to overhaul your entire curriculum overnight. Pick one lesson per week and redesign it around a task. Observe what happens. Notice which students who were passive during grammar drills suddenly become active participants.\n\nBuild a task library over time. Once you design a good task, it’s reusable across different proficiency levels with minor adjustments. The Desert Island task works for beginners (basic vocabulary negotiation) through advanced students (complex argumentation).\n\nPair TBLT lessons with assessment that matches the approach. If students learn through tasks, test them through tasks. Portfolio assessment, peer evaluation, and rubric-based performance assessment align far better with TBLT than traditional written tests.\n\nThe research backing TBLT is substantial. Studies consistently show that task-based instruction leads to greater fluency, improved communicative competence, and higher student engagement compared to form-focused approaches alone. It won’t replace explicit instruction entirely \u2014 but it transforms your classroom from a place where students study English to a place where they actually use it.\n\n