students in an ESL classroom during a Community Language Learning lesson

Community Language Learning: 7 ESL Techniques

Community Language Learning (CLL) is a 1970s teaching method, created by psychologist Charles Curran, that puts students in a circle and has the teacher act as a “knower” who translates what students want to say into English. Students record their own sentences, transcribe them, then analyze the grammar together — turning their own conversation into…

teacher correcting a Mandarin speaker's English mistakes in class

Common English Mistakes Mandarin Speakers Make (And How to Fix Them)

Mandarin speakers’ English mistakes follow a short, predictable list: dropped plural -s, missing or misused articles, pronoun mix-ups between “he” and “she,” verb tense that never changes, and consonant sounds Mandarin simply doesn’t have (like “th”). Every one of these traces back to a specific gap between Mandarin grammar and English grammar, which means every…