{"id":1791,"date":"2026-03-08T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-08T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/?p=1791"},"modified":"2026-03-16T08:12:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T08:12:49","slug":"differentiated-instruction-esl-mixed-ability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tahricteaches.com\/vi\/giang-day-phan-hoa-cho-hoc-sinh-esl-trinh-do-hon-hop\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a cho h\u1ecdc sinh ESL | Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Gi\u00e1o<\/figure>

B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfng Anh r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y trong khi h\u1ecdc sinh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh t\u1ef1 tin nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00fang t\u00fang khi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat ch\u00ec l\u00ean vi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o.<\/p>

D\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y duy nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, thay v\u00ec \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai (ESL) l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n v\u00e0 n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec.<\/p>

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>

Carol Ann Tomlinson, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc. Thay v\u00ec l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Theo Trung t\u00e2m IRIS c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Vanderbilt<\/a>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ed9i dung, quy tr\u00ecnh, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc sinh.<\/p>

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n sau khi b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. Khi b\u1ea1n so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u1edf th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 khung c\u00e2u, trong khi nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng vi\u1ebft \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t quy t\u1eafc. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u1ea3 hai nh\u00f3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc.<\/p>

\"H\u1ecdc<\/figure>

B\u1ed1n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/h2>

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai (ESL) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc.<\/p>

N\u1ed9i dung: Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>

Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a n\u1ed9i dung ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 cho h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. H\u1ecdc sinh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ng\u1eafn. H\u1ecdc sinh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 trung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. H\u1ecdc sinh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e2ng cao ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. C\u1ea3 ba nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>

S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u1ed9i dung. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 Oxford, Cambridge v\u00e0 National Geographic s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh cho s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0... c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc<\/a> \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>

Quy tr\u00ecnh: C\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>

Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0 duy ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Venn. V\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i. Trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ESL ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng m\u1edbi \u2014 th\u00f4ng qua tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ebd, cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft.<\/p>

\"C\u00e1c<\/figure>

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: C\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/h3>

Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u00e1p ph\u00edch ho\u1eb7c ghi \u00e2m ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec7n tranh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. B\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1eabn \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i TESOL Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/a> Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>

M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp: Sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h3>

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng gian v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u0129nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i linh ho\u1ea1t, g\u00f3c y\u00ean t\u0129nh, khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb... H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Anh<\/a> C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>

N\u0103m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2>

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 Hai. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u0103m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>

\"Gi\u00e1o<\/figure>

1. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p<\/h3>

B\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a. B\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra hai ho\u1eb7c ba phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 k\u1ef3 ngh\u1ec9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u00f3m 1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u0103m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i k\u00e8m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh h\u1ecda. H\u1ecdc sinh nh\u00f3m 2 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. H\u1ecdc sinh nh\u00f3m 3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1eadt k\u00fd t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m.<\/p>

Sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc sinh lu\u00f4n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp "d\u1ec5". Thay v\u00ec d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u00e3 m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>

2. Ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m linh ho\u1ea1t<\/h3>

Vi\u1ec7c chia nh\u00f3m linh ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. C\u00f3 ng\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia h\u1ecdc sinh theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1edf th\u00edch chung h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u2013 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh y\u00eau th\u00edch b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 thao b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>

T\u1eeb linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng "l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n" ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m linh ho\u1ea1t. L\u1ed1i m\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 cho m\u1ed7i h\u1ecdc sinh c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau trong su\u1ed1t tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>

\"Hai<\/figure>

3. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>

C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng xoay) chia l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng xoay tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai (ESL) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m vi\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khung c\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 do, m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m nghe v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi \u00e2m \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m h\u1ed9i tho\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m.<\/p>

C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00ec ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1m vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c khung c\u00e2u v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n g\u1ed1c. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n tr\u1ea1m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ea1nh t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. H\u00e3y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>

4. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo d\u1ea1ng khung s\u01b0\u1eddn<\/h3>

H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp (scaffolding) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai (ESL), c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m danh s\u00e1ch t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0 duy, c\u00e2u m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh h\u1ecda, b\u1ea3ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef song ng\u1eef ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1eabu. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0y khi h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng.<\/p>

M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n<\/strong>T\u00f4i l\u00e0m, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m. B\u1ea1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 l\u1edbp c\u00f9ng nhau ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i l\u00e0m th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m. H\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam s\u1ebd \u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201cch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m\u201d l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. H\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp s\u1edbm h\u01a1n. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1.<\/p>

\"H\u1ecdc<\/figure>

5. B\u1ea3ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n<\/h3>

B\u1ea3ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng (gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1edd caro) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>

B\u1ea3ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng cho l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai (ESL) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u01b0: vi\u1ebft m\u1ed7i t\u1eeb v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u, v\u1ebd tranh minh h\u1ecda cho m\u1ed7i t\u1eeb, t\u00ecm t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ngh\u0129a cho m\u1ed7i t\u1eeb, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, t\u1ea1o th\u1ebb t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, t\u1ef1 ghi \u00e2m c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t \u00e2m m\u1ed7i t\u1eeb, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c t\u1eeb cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp. H\u1ecdc sinh m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u1ebd tranh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u1ebb t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng. H\u1ecdc sinh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n vi\u1ebft truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a. C\u1ea3 hai nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1u luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng. C\u1ea3 hai nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ecdc sinh trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a<\/h2>

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu. M\u1ed9t phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn vi\u1ebft, b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh mi\u1ec7ng, \u00e1p ph\u00edch hay d\u1ef1 \u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng quy th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. Phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u1eafn, danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Cambridge Assessment English<\/a> Khung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m n\u1eafm b\u1eaft s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>

\"H\u1ecdc<\/figure>

Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y<\/h2>

Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a. Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ef1c b\u1ed9i.<\/p>

Thay v\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp, h\u00e3y giao th\u00eam b\u00e0i cho sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi.<\/strong> N\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i t\u1eadp s\u1edbm v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a cho em \u1ea5y th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u1eadp n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t v\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u00e0i nhanh. H\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u \u2013 h\u00e3y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m th\u00eam nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>

T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/strong> Khi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh lu\u00f4n ng\u1ed3i chung \u1edf b\u00e0n d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n, ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c em. H\u00e3y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gh\u00e9p nh\u00f3m theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gh\u00e9p nh\u00f3m theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc sinh theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>

C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/strong> Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea1o ra ba phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ecf. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Trong su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c.<\/p>

B\u1ecf qua \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean.<\/strong> H\u1ecdc sinh bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec gi\u00fap h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. H\u00e3y h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u01b0a th\u00edch, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u2014 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>

\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<\/h2>

M\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean n\u00eau ra v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn sai c\u00e1ch.<\/p>

C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u00f9y h\u1ee9ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eabu m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00e1c nhau. Phi\u1ebfu b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u2014 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Phi\u1ebfu b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u2014 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu linh ho\u1ea1t, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m.<\/p>

H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu ba gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai (ESL) m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb ch\u00fang, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ba t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1edbi m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p d\u00f9ng chung s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh.<\/p>

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 Google Classroom cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n giao c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n in nhi\u1ec1u phi\u1ebfu b\u00e0i t\u1eadp. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 Quizlet, Kahoot v\u00e0 Padlet cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ed5 sung t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t, thay v\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hai m\u01b0\u01a1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>

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